借鏡能登半島地震論台灣地震衝擊風險評估分析
|
| 摘要 地震災害不僅對人類生命和財產造成巨大威脅，還可能對重要設施產生鏈鎖衝擊。本研究聚焦地震對地區之重要設施（如道路、橋樑、供水、供電）的影響，借鏡2024年日本能登半島的地震經驗，進行資料彙整，發現大規模地震後導致維生管線損壞、道路、橋樑嚴重阻斷，近而導致許多地區與外界隔離，這種狀態不僅導致地區喪失維生機能，如供水、供電、供氣和資通訊服務，並且對搶修、與復原作業有著重大挑戰。本研究進行地震情境模擬，考量地理性、衝擊鏈因素，模擬東部偏遠地區、中部山區、與北部都會區三個地震情境，強震作用下，評估重要設施功能失效中斷風險，同時間接造成鏈鎖性衝擊影響，探討外界隔離與二次衝擊情況，強調震後重要設施中斷與外界隔離之重要性，提出預防強化和恢復重建之建議，以減輕地區防救災之地震衝擊影響。
關鍵字：能登半島地震、重要設施中斷、地震模擬、耐災韌性。 ABSTRACT Earthquake disasters not only pose significant threats to human life and property, but also have profound impacts on critical infrastructure. This study focuses on the impact of earthquakes on vital facilities such as roads, water supply, electricity, and gas. Drawing on the experience of the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake in Japan, data compilation and analysis reveal that earthquakes can result in pipeline damage, ruptures, or road blockages, leading to urban areas being isolated from the outside world. This effect may prevent urban residents from accessing essential services such as water, electricity, gas, and communication, posing significant challenges to urban survival and recovery. Through earthquake scenario simulations, this study examines the impact of infrastructure disruption caused by earthquakes on regional areas, emphasizing the risks and crises associated with isolation from the outside world. The study particularly underscores the importance of strengthening and rebuilding urban lifeline pipelines after earthquakes to mitigate the impact of earthquake-induced isolation on cities. KEYWORDS: Noto Peninsula Earthquake; Critical Infrastructure Disruption; Earthquake Simulation; Disaster Resilience. |