超寛頻(UWB)定位技術應用於現場施工人員之管理 -以高雄車站旅館大樓為例

Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Positioning Technology is Applied to the Management of On-Site Construction Workers -Take Kaohsiung Station Hotel Building as an Example

黃文宏、黃凱翔
W. H. Huang and K. X. Huang

國立高雄科技大學土木工程系

摘要

本文中主要討論了一種近幾年來新興的室內定位超寬頻技術（Ultra Wide Band；簡稱：UWB），其主要用於高精度測距以及雙向通訊。UWB最早開始的設計目的乃是為了達到高精度測距目標並可以同時滿足雙向通訊，以達到同步收集傳感器資料進而控制執行器之目的。 經由實地測試結論顯示，UWB的精度優勢非常明顯，精度可以高達5至10釐米的距離和位置。相較於其它室內定位，藍牙、Wi-Fi以及其它窄帶無線電標準只能實現公尺級精度。由於UWB無線電脈衝極短，在多路徑效應下，直達路徑的信號不會與多路徑的信號相重疊，故不會損壞信號傳達的完整性與強度，如此可以提供使用者在對於施工現場人員定位管理上有著更好的掌控，進而提升施工的安全度。

關鍵字：超寬頻技術、公共工程、施工安全、人員管理。

ABSTRACT

This article mainly discusses an indoor positioning ultra-wideband technology (Ultra Wide Band; UWB) that has emerged in recent years, which is mainly used for high-precision ranging and two-way communication. The earliest design purpose of UWB was to achieve high-precision ranging goals and to meet two-way communication at the same time, so as to achieve the purpose of synchronously collecting sensor data and controlling actuators.
Field test results show that the accuracy advantage of UWB is very obvious, and the accuracy can be as high as 5 to 10 centimeters in distance and position. Compared with other indoor positioning, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and other narrowband radio standards can only achieve meter-level accuracy. Because UWB radio pulses are extremely short, under the multipath effect, the direct path signal will not overlap with the multipath signal, so the integrity and strength of the signal transmission will not be damaged. This can provide users with the positioning of personnel at the construction site. Management has better control, thereby improving construction safety.

KEYWORDS: Ultra-Wideband Technology; Public Works; Construction Safety; Personnel Management.