探討戰機飛行員裝備人因設計對飛行之影響
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摘要 由於現代超音速戰機,擁有高速度飛行性能,也使得在與惡劣的操作環境(低溫、低氣壓、缺氧、高輻射、大G操作)的飛行員必須依賴先進的個人裝備,才能有效地執行飛行任務,裝備因素也相對地重要,但因台灣取得新型戰機的困境之下,台灣飛行員的裝備也未能得到改善,有關個人裝備的問題,已逐漸成為航空安全領域關注的重點。李文進[1]提出「安全」是所有飛航活動中最重要的課題,「零失事率」是各飛航組織所追求的目標。然而,由於參與飛航活動的組織體系龐大複雜,包括了飛行、維修、航管、及氣象等人員,所以「人爲因素」 所造成的意外事件仍佔所有意外事件的70%以上。而所謂的「人爲因素」都是可以事先預防的人爲疏失,如飛行員操作不當、疏忽大意、處置錯誤、航管人員疏失、維修人員疏忽及各單位溝通不良等。因此本研究對進行深度現役戰機飛行員訪談,探討飛行員在執行任務時,裝備是否影響飛行操作,並依據訪談結果,提出相關建議給予各飛行單位,做為日後裝備改良與提升安全的參考。
關鍵字:人因工程、人員機具系統、客艙安全文化、飛航安全、裝備使用狀況、裝備改善。 ABSTRACT Due to the high-speed flight performance of modern supersonic fighters, pilots operating in harsh operating environments (low temperature, low pressure, hypoxia, high radiation, and large G operations) must rely on advanced personal equipment to effectively perform flight The mission and equipment factors are also relatively important. However, due to Taiwan's difficulties in acquiring new fighter aircraft, the equipment of Taiwan pilots has not been improved. The issue of personal equipment has gradually become the focus of attention in the field of aviation safety. Li Wenjin [1] proposed that "safety" is the most important issue in all aviation activities, and "zero accident rate" is the goal pursued by various aviation organizations. However, due to the large and complex organizational system involved in aviation activities, including flight, maintenance, aviation management, and meteorological personnel, accidents caused by "human factors" still account for more than 70% of all accidents. The so-called "human factors" are human errors that can be prevented in advance, such as improper pilot operations, negligence, mishandling, negligence of air traffic control personnel, negligence of maintenance personnel, and poor communication among units. Therefore, this study conducted interviews with pilots of in-depth active-duty fighters to explore whether pilots' equipment affects flight operations during missions, and based on the results of the interviews, put forward relevant recommendations for each flight unit as a reference for future equipment improvements and safety improvements.
Keywords: Human Factors Engineerin; Personnel and Equipment Systems; Cabin Safety Culture; Flight Safety; Equipment Usage; Equipment Improvement |