台灣社會隨著經濟發展及醫療技術保健完善，國人平均年齡顯著增長狀況下，逐漸邁向高齡化及少子化社會，然而近年來國內大型安養中心快速地成立，收容許多避難行為能力弱者，一旦發生火災，在場所人員搶救及避難疏散都極為困難；因此如何強化國內老人福利機構火災自衛消防編組能力，實為一重要之課題。

鑒於老人福利機構相關研究較少，且針對場所火災執行自衛消防編組部分之探討相當缺乏，因此本研究藉由文獻探討以瞭解老人福利機構防災特性、火災成長特性及場所自衛消防編組策略，並透過專家訪談歸納出影響老人福利機構自衛消防編組架構之要件，再配合專家問卷調查、應用層級分析法及一致性模糊偏好關係(CFPR)資料之處理與分析篩選出其相對重要性，以尋找出老人福利機構之自衛消防編組架構之重要性，提供消防機關、場所業者及設計者參考和處置應變。

研究結果顯示「場所自衛消防編組任務能力」之重要性較「場所消防安全設備成效」及「場所防火安全管理規定」高，因此顯示出老人福利機構自衛消防編組之成功，必須先從場所自衛消防編組任務能力著手，再配合場所提升消防安全設備之成效及場所防火安全管理規定等相互結合作為，方能提昇整體自衛消防編組之效能。

Taiwan has been marching into a longevity society due to better economic developments, more advanced medical technologies, and fewer birth rates. As a result, the numbers of elderly welfare agencies are increasing so quickly that the evacuation and rescue plans, self-defense capability and fire marshalling ability against fire disasters have become more and more important because the evacuation ability of those elders are very weak.

However, relevant researches regarding this topic are rare that current study, as a pioneer study, initiates our focus on the features of fire disaster prevention, the characteristics of fire progressive stages, site self-defense and the strategies of fire marshalling ability through literature surveys and expert interviews. In application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and Consistent Fuzzy Preference Relations (CFPR), current study is to emphasize the importance of the fire marshalling ability of elderly welfare agencies, and to provide the practical suggestions to the fire departments, business owners, and the designers for elderly welfare agencies.

Conclusions of current study indicate that the self-defense capability of fire organizations and fire marshalling ability are much more crucial than the effectiveness of the fire safety equipment and regulations of the fire safety managements. Therefore, the success of the fire marshalling ability of elderly welfare agencies is attributed to the following factors such as site marshalling ability, cooperation with the effectiveness of fire equipment, and fire regulations of the fire safety managements.