水中搜救最重要的目的在於搜救到落水人員，然而其困難在於落水人員會隨著水流而改變位置，生命狀況也會隨著時間由存活步向死亡，尤其在搜救資源有限的情況下，如何做好資源配置使搜救效果較佳，乃搜救行動中最關注之議題。本研究在考量開放式搜索區域(例如:海洋)、搜救區域劃分成多區塊、資源投入後不再改變配置，採用目力搜救、將黃金72小時搜索時間劃分成多階段，每階段時間為6小時之下，以馬可夫鏈為水中搜救行動建構模型，探討目標初始資訊的有無，對搜救到落水人員為存活機率及搜索到落水人員機率的影響。本研究並發展搜救想定進行研析，探討參數變化對救生效果之影響，俾利提供搜救作為之重要參據。

The purpose of search and rescue a drowning person on the surface of water is to rescue the drowning person. However, the most difficult thing of search and rescue a drowning person on the surface of water is that the drowning person will be moved by the water. It is likely to cause the drowning person death as the time goes by; thus, it is the most important issue to allocate the limited search and rescue resources. This research constructs a Markov Chain model to analysis the rescue probability of the drowning person the surface of water of different resource allocation alternatives under a open rescue region divided(ex:sea) into finite blocks, and resources are not changed after the allocation of resources; at the meanwhile, the search and rescue method is by means of eyes gold 72 hours of search time is divided into multiple stages, each phase time is 6 hours to explore whether the initial information of the drowning person is affected by the probability of survival and the probability of the search to the drowning person. This research also develops scenario to discuss the rescue probability of the drowning person on the surface of water by different parameters value. The research results will benefit the search and rescue plan to search and rescue a drowning person on the surface of water.