摘要
離島地區具有年雨量稀少特性，故水資源相較於台灣地區更顯不足。以金門為例，水資源主要來自地下水以及小型湖庫。在縣政府極力推動金門為觀光休閒島嶼政策下，本研究認為有必要先檢視金門現有水資源承載力，了解目前金門地區是否存在水資源脆弱面，如：水質污染、水量不足、…等問題。本研究計畫已蒐集基礎資料，包括：降雨量、蒸發散量、用水量、地下水觀測資料、以及湖庫檢測資料等進行統計分析，並於地理資訊系統環境下進行金門水資源脆弱度空間分析。研究成果顯示，湖庫優養化與水體中之總磷與葉綠素濃度呈正相關，降雨及蒸發散量均會影響金門可用水量，且降雨量亦影響地下水位高程。目前已完成金門水資源於社會發展、經濟發展、以及生態與環境等三個面向之探討，並對湖庫水質、地下水高程、以及村里人口壓力進行圖層套疊，供未來研擬金門水資源永續規劃參考。
關鍵字：離島、水資源、脆弱度、湖庫、地下水、地理資訊系統。
ABSTRACT
Most of the off-shore islands in Taiwan have the characteristic of low precipitation, so the water resources are relatively less in the off-shore islands than Taiwan. Kinmen for example, one of the off-shore islands, the groundwater and the small reservoirs are the typical water resources. At present, the authority is making their greatest effort to promote the tourism in Kinmen. Nevertheless, this research considers that assessing the water resource capacity in Kinmen should be concerned prior to promoting the tourism due to the water resource fragilities, such as pollution, shortage, and others. Thus, the basic data, including meteorology, volume of water available, groundwater monitoring, reservoir monitoring, and the others, had been acquired and executed statistic analysis in this research. In geographic information systems (GIS) environment, the spatial fragility of the water resource in Kinmen was also mapped. This research indicates that the trophic status of the reservoirs has positive relationship to phosphorus and chlorophyll. Precipitation and evaporation both would impact the amount of water available in Kinmen. Also, precipitation may have influence on the groundwater elevations. In this research, the water resources in Kinmen were discussed in the aspects of society, economy, and biological environment, and the thematic maps of reservoir, groundwater, and population stress were overlapped in GIS environment to support the further scheme of water resource sustainability in Kinmen.
Keywords: Off-shore islands; Water resource; Fragility; Reservoir; Groundwater; GIS
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