摘要
當日本發生福島核災，台灣也意識到了核能安全的重要性，而台灣核能電廠主管的相關單位在第一時間提出了核電廠的安全數據與資料，卻因為用字過於艱澀、第一時間的處理能力以及溝通手法生疏，導致台灣民眾無法接受。為此，本研究從核能安全知識傳播的現況與困境進行分析瞭解。
本研究採用專家訪談法進行探討，其專家背景為核能、行銷與傳播三個領域的產官學界的專家一共10位，而訪談記錄透過三角驗證檢定。根據訪談內容彙整出三個構面以及九項狀況：首先在「核能安全知識傳播現況」：核安知識的來源並非官方，而是政論節目與耳語、官方說法與民眾實際感受落差大，各執一詞、媒體立場被貼標籤，民眾接收訊息產生選擇性接收、網路社群成熟，懶人包形成了快速傳播的方式四項；其次在「核能安全知識傳播困境」：官方目標設定不清、手法錯誤、用字過於制式、官方提供的知識過於複雜，民眾只想知道切身問題；主管單位的專業形象受到質疑、政治影響專業能力三項；最後在「核能傳播未來建議」：面對反核團體應採取邀請共同參與決策、官方單位應根據民眾問題，調整傳播的內容主軸、核能安全是長期議題，應將科普教育列入傳播方式。
根據本研究結果，除了提供核能安全相關知識傳播相關執行單位之重要參考外，未來更可以延伸作為相關爭議性公共議題的傳播之重要參考依據，使得本研究更具有正面的參考價值。
關鍵字：核能安全、知識傳播。
ABSTRACT
After the Fukushima Nuclear Accident occurred in Japan, the people in Taiwan had also been aware of the importance of nuclear safety, and the authorities related to Taiwan's nuclear power plants offered the statistics and data of the safety of nuclear power plants immediately. However, the people in Taiwan could not be tolerant of their too abstruse wording and rusty handling capability at the first time and communication techniques. Therefore, this study attempts to analyze and understand the current situation and predicament of the knowledge diffusion of nuclear safety.
This study adopts the expert interview method to do investigation. There are totally 10 experts who come from the government and industries across the fields of nuclear power, marketing, and mass communication, and the interview records are verified through triangulation. We summarize three dimensions and nine situations in accordance with the interview content. The first dimension is about "the current situation of nuclear safety knowledge diffusion", which refers to that the nuclear safety knowledge usually comes from political talk shows and whispers instead of directly coming from the government, and there is a large gap between official statements and actual public feelings. The uncompromising predicament, the situation that mass media is labeled, people selectively receive messages, and online communities become mature, and the information for dummies cause the rapid communications. The second dimension is about "the predicament of nuclear safety knowledge diffusion", which refers to unclear official goals, wrong techniques, excessively institutional wordings, and too complicated official knowledge, and the situation that the public only wants to know immediate issues, and the professional images of authorities have been questioned and their professional abilities also have been politicized. The last dimension is about "the recommendation of future nuclear safety diffusions", which includes that the government should invite the anti-nuclear groups to participate in decision-making, the official units should adjust the main contents of communications and nuclear safety is a long-term issue, and the science education should be listed as one of the communication methods.
The result of this study can not only provide be provided for the authorities related to nuclear safety knowledge diffusion as the implementation reference, but also be extended to be the important basis of controversial public issues related to communications, and with these purposes, this study will be more valuable.
Keywords: Nuclear Safety; Knowledge Diffusion
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