摘要
CFD數值模擬軟體可以較少的花費和較短的時間、以較有彈性的設定取得大量有價值的研究結果。對投資大、難度高的消防安全實驗研究具有極高的輔助功能。目前國際間消防領域常以FIRE DYNAMICS SIMULATOR (FDS) 作為火場重現與消防安全設計驗證的工具。台灣消防官方機關也以FDS軟體作為建築物火場安全模擬的重要工具。經由程式設計及物理現象結合，且資訊硬體設備不斷提升，FDS多次推出更新的版本。自2007年10月2日推出第五版本至2013年11月4日推出第六版本期間，台灣許多大型及公共建設均以FDS Ver.5進行模擬，包含一些性能式消防安全設計。本研究以實驗燃燒木材模型，驗證新舊版本二者的差異性。由結果發現，在Ver.5與Ver.6 FDS相同設定條件下，新版對實驗值有較佳的結果。在同一溫度量測點，溫度差異值超過400℃。不同版本的執行計算時間相差近一倍以上。
關鍵字：CFD、火災、FIRE DYNAMICS SIMULATOR (FDS)、消防安全、性能式消防安全設計。
ABSTRACT
CFD simulations take less cost and time to obtain a lot of valuable results in more flexible settings. For expensive and difficult experiments in fire safety research, CFD methods are higher accessibility. At present, FIRE DYNAMICS SIMULATOR (FDS) are used to reproduce fire site and to verify the design on international field of fire safety. In Taiwan, the authorities only recognized FDS as the tool in the simulation of building fire safety. Official FDS agencies released updated versions over the years. During the period from the fifth edition at November 4, 2013 to the sixth edition at October 2, 2007, there were many large public buildings simulated in FDS Version 5 in Taiwan, including some cases with performance-based fire safety design. Wood models were burned to verify the differences between the new and old version of FDS in this study. The results showed that there were better experimental results with the same setting conditions in Ver.5 and Ver.6 of FDS. Temperature difference exceeded 400 oC at the same temperature measurement points. Time differences of calculations were more than doubled with the same conditions.
Keywords: CFD; Fire; FIRE DYNAMICS SIMULATOR (FDS); Fire Safety; Performance-Based Fire Safety Design
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