摘要
不論是意外事件或是蓄意破壞，都會建築物遭受爆炸災害的案件在國外發生的頻率相當的高。不僅造成結構物與重要設施的嚴重損壞、人民生命與財產損失，甚至對於國家經濟和群眾心理產生重大的衝擊影響。參考國外相關研究報告，本文扼要介紹一些針對都市建築物在爆炸衝擊下的減災設計概念與手段。另外，本文介紹FEMA所提出的爆炸威脅範圍圖，以及在都會區發生疑似爆炸災害的威脅下，如何利用地理資訊系統做為即時緊急疏散與減災決策輔助工具的方法。
關鍵字：爆炸、減災設計、決策輔助。
ABSTRACT
Whether an accident or sabotage, the frequency of urban buildings suffered an explosion disasters occurring abroad is quite high. Not only caused serious damage to the structure and critical facilities but also the people's life and property damage, or even have a significant impact on the national economy and the impact of mass psychology. Refer to the related research reports; this article briefly describes some of the design concepts for urban buildings and shows the mitigation methods in the explosion shocks. In addition, this article describes the explosive threats range maps proposed by FEMA, and the processes to use geographic information system (GIS) for emergency evacuation and disaster reduction as a decision support tool approach under the situations of threat of suspected explosive hazards occur in urban areas.
Keywords: Blast; Mitigation Design; Decision Support
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