摘要
消防署成立至今即將邁入20年，從最初至今，消防裝備器材不斷推陳出新，相關規定也幾乎比照先進國家之要求，以因應社會民情，達成預防火災、搶救災害及緊急救護等法定任務，甚而擴大到各項為民服務工作，致使消防勤務多而廣、廣而雜，未能專業分工也成了全國消防大環境的共同問題，進而全國皆產生消防人力不足之問題。但人力如何不足，需要多少人力方能落實執行相關勤業務?國內以車輛配置數換消防人力需求是否真能反應實際所需?是否足以體現實際人員需求呢?
以高雄市為例，每年各科室所訂之業務計畫實際上也需要人力去執行，方有可能落實各項要求，因此本研究認為有必要依業務計劃之規定，換算落實計畫之執行需要多少人力、場次、時間，輔以各單位列管場所數量、需驗證場所數量、危險物品列管場所數、各項宣導及演練規劃等綜合評估，方能有效計算單位實際所需人力值並合理適當分配勤務。研究結果發現，因國內消防環境與生態有別於國外，各單位日間消防人力需求遠大於夜間，故現今以『日』為勤休之制度恐須檢討。
本研究除依業務計畫計算人力需求值外，針對各項計畫所需之不確定人力值，本研究問卷調查250份，有效樣本共計100份，依各計畫規定平均數值做為計算基礎。其研究結果與建議如下：
- 研究證明消防工作日間勤務量大於夜間，於部分分隊可能造成日間人力不足，夜間人力過剩之情形。
- 消防勤務應改以12小時為一班，以現有勤一休一人力而言，每位消防員有15個日間班，15個夜間班。如改為20個日間班，10個夜間班，總人力需求不變，卻可大幅提升工作質量，使同仁們減少夜間班，增加日間班，相對的日間執行各業務與訓練計畫就能更落實。
- 如能配合彈性人力制度，於需要特殊語言且勤務單純之原住民部落引進當地契約人力，將部分正職警消配置於其他分隊，更能提升整體人力運用效能。
關鍵字：人力值、消防人力、人力運用效能。
ABSTRACT
It is soon the 20th year since the establishment of National Fire Agency (NFA). Over the years, rescue equipments have been constantly improved, related apparatus renewed, and rules and regulations amended according to developed countries. These are carried out to serve the community of its populace better, fulfilling legal duties of fire prevention, crisis rescue and emergency first-aid. As these duties expand, however, they stretch to areas of General Services which consists of motley tasks sprung randomly from every corners of the society. General Services quickly drain NFA of its human resources nationwide and causes confusion to firefighting as a profession in Taiwan. However, what exactly is the shortage of manpower and how much more is needed to ensure proper function of legal duties? Is the present system which distributes manpower based on how much fire vehicles there are in a district really reflects the actual needs?
Take the example of the city of Kaohsiung. Every year each department in NFA Gaohsiung HQ sets a quota of works to be completed that takes up manpower. This study claims that actual manpower distribution shall be calculated based on how much works to be completed in a district, taking in factors such as manpower availability, frequencies of works, times, numbers of Registered Places/Places for Inspections/Places for Storage of Hazardous Substances in a district, numbers of public educations and routine trainings etc. These factors are crucial to access manpower distribution across different districts.
The results showed that, due to domestic fire environment and ecology Unlike other countries, the unit is much larger than the daytime firefighting manpower needs at night, so now with "Day" is off the ground for fear of regime should be reviewed.
In this study, in addition to the value calculated in accordance with the manpower needs of the business plan, but for the uncertain value of the required manpower planning, this study surveys 250, a total of 100 valid samples copies, according to the provisions of each plan as a basis for calculating the average value.The main statistical results and recommendations are as follows：
- Fire service work during the day clearly demonstrated greater at night, in the part of the unit may cause daytime manpower shortage, the situation of excess manpower night.
- Fire service should be 12 hours for the group to break an existing ground a human terms, each firefighter has a 15 day classes, 15 classes at night, during the day to 20 classes, 10 classes at night, there will be no excess manpower burden, but the implementation of each business day and will be able to better implement training programs.
- If the system can meet the resilient human, in need of special duty simple language and the introduction of Aboriginal labor contract, the configuration will be part of the police and fire chief in other units, is able to enhance the overall effectiveness of human use.
Keywords: Manpower Values; Fire manpower; Manpower use of Performance
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