摘要
台灣地區每年遭受颱風、豪雨、地震、乾旱等天然災害侵襲。台灣地區災害防救體系至1999年9月發生921地震之後才逐漸建構完整。歷經多次修法，至2009年8月於發生「莫拉克風災事件」時，仍顯示出台灣地區災害防救體系原始規劃之初，評估與規劃的步驟在經歷實際災害時尚有需增強之處。某項事故的發生原因，有可能是在第一時間第一線救災人員不適當作為而引發，惟事故的起因則可能導因於既有的制度或管理對於人員訓練、作業程序或事故現場惡劣環境的潛在因素所產生。台灣地區負責災害應變相關單位經歷多次的天然與人為災害，已逐漸從當中獲得豐富的經驗。本文藉由「八掌溪事件」與「莫拉克風災」個案之災害應變進行相互比對，並探討實際運作時產生的問題。
關鍵字：天然災害、災害防救、921地震、八掌溪事件、莫拉克風災。
ABSTRACT
In Taiwan, there are many natural disasters, such as typhoons, torrential rains, droughts, earthquakes etc. every year. The disaster management systems of the relevant authorities were gradually established completely after 921 Chi-chi Earthquake in September 1999 in Taiwan. After many actual disasters and modified, it still showed there were many regulations need to be strengthened in the disaster prevention systems after Morakot typhoon events in August 2009. The occurrence of an accident may be caused by the first line of disaster relief personnel as inappropriate at the first time. Just a continuation of the causes of the accident may result due to the existing systems or management for the training of personnel, potential factors in the harsh environment of the operating procedures or the scene of the accident. The official agency in charge of disaster response have gradually gained plenty of experiences in the experience of a number of natural and man-made disasters. The disaster response processes in Pachang River incident and Typhoon Morakot are interactive compared in this study, and the actual operation problems are discussed.
Keywords: Natural disaster; disaster management system; 921 Chi-chi Earthquake; Pachang River incident; Typhoon Morakot
|