摘要
基礎設施在維持都市動態系統中扮演極為關鍵的角色，甚至某些關鍵基礎設施對國家社會極為重要，一旦失效對社會與經濟的衝擊將造成重大影響。本文探討系統相依性分析方法的目的主要在於找出該系統中的關鍵設施單元或關鍵點，亦即該設施單元失效會造成整體系統的重大衝擊後果。除對相關研究進行文獻回顧外，並應用經濟學投入產出模型，以定義設施單元的不服務水準結合投入產出模型進行整合應用作為核心理論，並以區域性都市為應用案例分析，探討在災害情境下公共基礎設施服務失效的衝擊情形，藉由單一設施失效情境分析，可以找出那一個設施單元為系統中的關鍵設施；藉由各種不同情境的綜合分析，運用整體系統的受影響程度計算與排序，可以比較出那一些情境組合，對整體系統有較高的影響結果，也能找出那一些設施組合的失效會比較具有關鍵性。
關鍵字：關鍵基礎設施、相依性、投入產出模型、系統關聯矩陣
ABSTRACT
Infrastructure plays a key role to support an urban city, a society and even a country, once the system failure on the social and economic impact will be significant impact. This paper proposed a conceptual combined method of infrastructure interdependency modeling, which called the Inoperability Input-Output Model (IIM), to assess the impacts of disruptive events on interconnected system. Beside the original input-output (I-O) model, the inoperability metric is also used in the IIM to quantify the percentage of a system’s production that is affected relative to the desired level. To analyze the magnitude and extent of system linkages, an interdependency matrix based on the demonstrated case of an urban area interconnected with five major subsystems which are power, water, transport, hospital and grocery is constructed. A total impact index is assigned to represent the overall affected magnitude of the system. A ranking order of total impact index based on different input cases can be resolved, that may identify a critical facility or a combination of facilities in case of failure can cause large disruptive effect.
Keywords: Critical Infrastructure (CI); Interdependency; Input-Output (I-O) Model; System Relationship Matrix
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