飛行員於壓力情境下之決策歷程分析

Pilot’s Cognitive Process for Aeronautical Decision Making under Stress

　　從例行飛行任務所使用的簡單規則和程序，到遭遇及處理飛行中複雜的緊急情況，飛行員所做的各種反應幾乎均與「飛行決策」有關。調查發現，飛行員因決策錯誤造成空難意外者，在多項人為因素分類當中佔有極大比例；研究亦指出飛行員的決策對飛行安全深具重要性與關聯性(Jensen & Hunter 2002, Li & Harris 2006)。然而，我國無論軍或民航均未發展出有關「飛行決策」訓練之專屬課程，對「飛行決策」相關研究亦相對欠缺。因此，本研究採質性方式進行，以「結構式訪談」與「紮根理論」建構戰機飛行員於操作「基本攻防」之決策模型，以釐清影響飛行決策的因素與關聯性。

關鍵字：飛行決策、飛行安全、結構式訪談、紮根理論。

ABSTRACT

　　The simple rules and procedures adopted by pilots for routine flight tasks or the responses that pilots deal with the emergent situations are related to “ADM, aeronautical decision making.” It has found from aviation accident investigation that decision error involved in the major accidents has a relatively high ratio compared with the other human factors. The related researches indicate that pilot’s decision-making has a significant relationship with aviation safety (Jensen & Hunter 2002, Li & Harris 2006). However, in Taiwan the specific training curriculum designed for ADM so far is still not developed in the military or civilian aviation, and the researches concerning ADM are not so many. For this reason, this study was proceeded with qualitative approach and adopted Constructive interview method and Grounded theory to build up a decision-making model of fighter pilot for operating basic fighting maneuver, whose main purpose was to classify the factors and relatedness influenced the performance of ADM.

Keywords: Aeronautical decision making, Aviation safety, Constructive interview, Grounded theory