我國道路危險物品運送之風險評估研究

RISK ASSESSMENT OF DANGEROUS GOODS ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION IN TAIWAN

　　風險評估是將「危險」與「風險」搭上關係的程序。若能獲得一個危險因素在作業上可能引發的各種影響及其可能性的最佳評估值時，那麼此項危險即可評定其風險等級。風險評估的另一個意義是將風險排列出優先順序，其目的為對所涉風險之相對優先順序作一個指引。
　　在本文80項識別危險的研究結果中，被評估為高度風險者計16項；中度風險計40項；及低度風險24項。其中為高度風險以上者佔總體危險項目之20%。一般而言，高度風險等級多為不可接受風險，也是應盡力被排除或被控制的重點部份，此項結果將可作為管理作為再進一步修正之依據。

　　Risk assessment is the process which associates hazards with risks. When the various impacts a hazard may have on a certain operation and an estimate of how likely it is to occur are known, the hazard is consequently to be named a risk. The second aspect of risk assessment is the ranking of risks into a priority order. This priority listing is intended to be used as a guide to the relative priority of the risks involved that may deserve attention and possible risk control action.
　　This paper reports the risk assessment and related priority listing of dangerous goods on road transportation in Taiwan. The results reveal that the volume fraction of high risks in 80 identified hazards was 20% in which 16 hazards were rated high, 40 hazards were rated medium and 24 hazards were rated low. It is inferred that further amendments of management of dangerous goods on road transportation should be expected in order to eliminate or reduce the major harmful effects of those unacceptable risks which normally depict extremely high and high risk issues.