電視新聞作業流程危機處理之研究 ： 以 TVBS 報導「黑道持槍之 嗆聲光碟」為例

林崇能

LIN, CHUNG-NENG

義守大學大眾傳播學系講師

Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication, I-SHOU University

摘 要

    在電視新聞的激烈競爭環境下，記者為了爭取新聞版面空間，除了在獨家新聞的取材用心選題，作法上也用盡心思，想辦法讓採訪的新聞內容順利播出。在電視新聞的作業流程，一旦有所疏忽，不當的新聞內容對外播出後，將會深入影響觀眾。 2007 年三月間 TVBS 報導黑道持槍 嗆聲等新聞內容，後來查出竟然是該台記者拍攝製作的假新聞，引發社會輿論強烈批判。新聞作業流程出現重大疏失時，危機的處理也將是未來媒體重要的參考過程。藉由新聞媒體事後的危機處理，在作法上應該 真相迅速蒐集，盡快對外公佈；成立危機處理小組，積極主動調查；慎選誠懇的發言人，盡快澄清負面報導；改變民眾觀感，認錯誠實以對等等，如此才盡可能將傷害降低。

關鍵詞： 電視新聞、獨家新聞、 假新聞、 危機處理

Abstract

In order to obtain a visibility in reporting sections under the competitive television news reporting environment, a reporter often needs to not only select a topic that is attractively in the exclusive news report, one also tries, attentively, to find a way out letting the coverage broadcast smoothly. Nevertheless, once negligence occurred in the television news editing workflow, yielded inappropriate news being broadcasted, it could exceptionally affect the audience. In late March of 2007, exclusive news reportage in regarding gangster footage over gun threat to kill his gang boss broadcasted by TVBS TV news in Taiwan , turned out to be fabricated and mishandled by the station's very own reporters. This fake news has triggered vehement public opinion and critique. When the procedure of news editing shows significant mistakes, instituting the crisis management process become an important reference process for the future mass media. Upon crisis management process, one should start the investigation team, adopt vigorous measures to collect all factors, produce, and then announce investigated results promptly. One should also need to cautiously select the spokesperson for the station exhibits sincere attitude to clarify the negative report as soon as possible. Changing the public impression by admitting mistakes rightly and honestly often will reduce damage.

Keywords: television news, exclusive news report, fake news, crisis management process